A recent study of nearly 5000 patients who underwent premature menopause sometimes spontaneously and sometimes through surgical or drug induced menopause such as chemotherapy was recently reported. There was a considerable reduction in motor coordination and overall cognitive function over seven years. There was a doubling in the reduction of verbal fluency and marked worsening of visual memory. Hormone replacement therapy may improve visual memory but could increase the risk of verbal fluency. Premature menopause remains a concern to clinicians and patients alike. This is an area of continued research.